Sign in with Facebook. Sign in with Apple. Description The thoracic cavity or chest cavity is the chamber of the human body that is protected by the thoracic wall rib cage and associated skin, muscle, and fascia , limited by the costa and the diaphragm. It includes: Structures of the cardiovascular system, including the heart and great vessels , which include the thoracic aorta, the pulmonary artery and all its branches, the superior and inferior vena cava, the pulmonary veins, and the azygos vein structures of the respiratory system, including the Diaphragm, trachea, bronchi and lungs[ structures of the digestive system, including the esophagus, endocrine glands, including the thymus gland, structures of the nervous system including the paired vagus nerves, and the paired sympathetic chains, lymphatics including the thoracic duct.
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Manage cookies Accept. Which of the following is the most likely cause of hemoptysis in adults? More Content. Click here for the Professional Version. Locating the Mediastinum. Was This Page Helpful? Yes No. Exchanging Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide. Overview of Pleural and Mediastinal Disorders. It comprises three compartments: two pleural cavities and the mediastinum , which is located behind the sternum. The mediastinum is divided into the superior and inferior mediastinum , the latter of which is further subdivided into the anterior , middle, and posterior mediastinum.
Inflammation of the mediastinum mediastinitis can result from spreading retropharyngeal infections or contamination from perforated mediastinal organs.
The mediastinum is also a potential site for teratoma , lymphoma , thymoma , and thyroid neoplasm. The pleural cavity is the potential space between the parietal pleura which covers the thoracic wall and the mediastinum and the visceral pleura which lines the lung.
The pleura secrets fluid that prevents the development of friction between the two pleural membranes. Excessive build-up of fluid in the pleural cavity results in pleural effusion , while the entry of air results in pneumothorax. The diaphragm is a musculotendinous structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
It has hiatuses for the passage of the inferior vena cava caval hiatus , esophagus esophageal hiatus , and the aorta aortic hiatus at the 8 th , 10 th , and 12 th thoracic vertebrae respectively. The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve. Phrenic nerve palsy or injury to the diaphragm results in impaired respiration.
The most common causes of inflammation of the mediastinal space mediastinitis include spreading of retropharyngeal infections into the mediastinum , chest trauma, and perforation of mediastinal organs, e. The trachea bi four cates at the level of T4. The 4 T 's of a mediastinal mass : T hymoma, T eratoma and other germ cell tumors , T hyroid neoplasm , and T errible lymphoma. The pulmonary trunk , which is located in the middle mediastinum and conveys deoxygenated blood to the lungs , is discussed in airways and lungs.
Thoracic aorta. Part of the descending aorta. The pulmonary veins , which are located in the middle mediastinum and transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart , are discussed in airways and lungs.
Azygos vein. Hemiazygos vein. Accessory hemiazygos vein. The azygos vein connects the inferior and superior vena cava and can be an alternative pathway for deoxygenated blood to return to the right atrium if the SVC or the IVC are obstructed.
Definition : Pleura is a thin double layer of tissue that surrounds the lungs and the thoracic wall and divided into a visceral and parietal layer. If air enters the pleural cavity , the surface tension between the parietal and visceral pleura of the lungs is lost, letting the lungs collapse due to their natural tendency to collapse or recoil pneumothorax. Excessive fluid in the pleural cavity results in pleural effusion. The vagus nerve CN X passes through the diaphragm at T Share thoracic cavity Post the Definition of thoracic cavity to Facebook Share the Definition of thoracic cavity on Twitter.
Time Traveler for thoracic cavity The first known use of thoracic cavity was in See more words from the same year. Statistics for thoracic cavity Look-up Popularity. Style: MLA. Medical Definition of thoracic cavity. Get Word of the Day daily email! Test Your Vocabulary.
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