The bloody upheaval marked the end of the Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Recommended for you. Gandhi on His Religious Beliefs. History Rewind: Gandhi's Funeral Mohandas Gandhi. Taj Mahal The Taj Mahal is an enormous mausoleum complex commissioned in by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan to house the remains of his beloved wife. Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Lenin was a Russian communist revolutionary and head of the Bolshevik Party who rose to prominence during the Russian Revolution of , one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century.
See More. Pitaji was one of barely a handful of people who had such a car, a German Adler that is no longer in the market, and drove him personally. I was very nervous because I had just learnt how to drive and the jostling crowds worried me. But Pandit-ji was thrilled. They met many times afterwards and it was not always work. It was dark, he was anonymous and they sat by the banks of a canal for several hours. Otherwise people never leave me alone. Click here to join our channel indianexpress and stay updated with the latest headlines.
Jyotsna Mohan Bhargava Took the leap of faith from television to print and loves to believe t The third and final conference did, however, result in the Government of India Act of , giving the Indian provinces a system of autonomous government in which elections would be held to name provincial leaders.
Gandhi said in January , "[Jawaharlal Nehru and I] had differences from the time we became co-workers and yet I have said for some years and say so now that Jawaharlal will be my successor. At the outbreak of World War II in September , British viceroy Lord Linlithgow committed India to the war effort without consulting the now-autonomous provincial ministries.
In response, the Congress Party withdrew its representatives from the provinces and Gandhi staged a limited civil disobedience movement in which he and Nehru were jailed yet again. Nehru spent a little over a year in jail and was released with other Congress prisoners three days before Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese.
When Japanese troops soon moved near the borders of India in the spring of , the British government decided to enlist India to combat this new threat, but Gandhi, who still essentially had the reins of the movement, would accept nothing less than independence and called on the British to leave India.
Nehru reluctantly joined Gandhi in his hardline stance and the pair were again arrested and jailed, this time for nearly three years. By , within two years of Nehru's release, simmering animosity had reached a fever pitch between the Congress Party and the Muslim League, who had always wanted more power in a free India.
The last British viceroy, Louis Mountbatten, was charged with finalizing the British roadmap for withdrawal with a plan for a unified India. Despite his reservations, Nehru acquiesced to Mountbatten and the Muslim League's plan to divide India, and in August , Pakistan was created—the new country Muslim and India predominantly Hindu.
The importance of Nehru in the context of Indian history can be distilled to the following points: he imparted modern values and thought, stressed secularism, insisted upon the basic unity of India, and, in the face of ethnic and religious diversity, carried India into the modern age of scientific innovation and technological progress.
He also prompted social concern for the marginalized and poor and respect for democratic values. Nehru was especially proud to reform the antiquated Hindu civil code. Finally, Hindu widows could enjoy equality with men in matters of inheritance and property. Nehru also changed Hindu law to criminalize caste discrimination.
Nehru's administration established many Indian institutions of higher learning, including the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, the Indian Institutes of Technology, and the National Institutes of Technology, and guaranteed in his five-year plans free and compulsory primary education to all of India's children.
The Kashmir region—which was claimed by both India and Pakistan—was a perennial problem throughout Nehru's leadership, and his cautious efforts to settle the dispute ultimately failed, resulting in Pakistan making an unsuccessful attempt to seize Kashmir by force in The region has remained in dispute into the 21st century. Internationally, starting in the late s, both the United States and the U. To this end, Nehru co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement of nations professing neutrality.
His pacifist and inclusive policies with respect to China came undone when border disputes led to the Sino-Indian war in , which ended when China declared a ceasefire on November 20, , and announced its withdrawal from the disputed area in the Himalayas.
Nehru's four pillars of domestic policies were democracy, socialism, unity, and secularism, and he largely succeeded in maintaining a strong foundation of all four during his tenure as president.
0コメント